STATISTICS AND SPECTRUM OF ELECTRON ANTINEUTRINO OF NUCLEAR REACTOR

V.D. Rusov, T.N. Zelentsova, V.A. Tarasov, I. Shaaban

Abstract
On the base of all totality of known now experimental data for the first time it is shown that the reactor antineutrino statistics is described with a high accuracy by Salech-Teich's three-parametrical distribution belonging to a special class of Markov's (generally inhomogeneous) branching Neyman-Scott processes. Based on the properties of the cascade statistics of reactor antineutrinos the effective method for searching of spectrum is offered. The determination of physical parameters of this statistics, i.e., the average number of fissions and the average number of antineutrinos per fission, does not require a priori knowledge of the characteristics of antineutrino source: composition of nuclear fuel, type and operational mode of the reactor. The fundamental and applied aspects of the account of the properties of cascade-multiple statistics of reactor electron antineutrino production, which can essentially expand the possibilities of experimental neutrino physics, are considered.

KEY WORDS: spectrum of reactor antineutrino, cascade processes, neutrino oscillations, inside-reactor processes, the neutrino diagnostics.

PHOTODISINTEGRATION OF THE NUCLEUS ¹⁶O IN THE GAUGE INVARIANT APPROACH

I.К. Kirichenko

Abstract
On basis before the developed approach which is meeting the requirements of a covariance and gauge invariance, the examination of process of a photodisintegration of the nucleus ¹⁶O in an one-photon approximation is carried out in view of its interior structure designed on the basis of Skirmy`s forces. It is investigated influence of effects of precise maintenance of an electromagnetic nuclear current in calculations of differential cut. The examinations of magnitude of the relative contributions in cut of process of polar and regular parts of amplitude are carried out. The analysis of detection of a role of interaction in a terminating state is carried out.

KEY WORDS: photodisintegration, gauge invariance, vertex function, cross section.

PROPAGATOR OF A MASSLESS PARTICLE IN THE BATALIN-FRADKIN-VILKOVISKY AND BECCHI-ROUET-STORA-TYUTIN FORMALISM

V.G. Zima

Abstract
The propagator of a massless particle with arbitrary spin is represented as BFV-BRST path integral in index spinor formalism. Classical formulation of the theory is investigated and its hamiltonization is made. The structure functions of the theory are obtained as well. BRST-charge of the model has been calculated and it is shown that its rank is 1. Expression for transition amplitude is reduced to a form of transition amplitude for a system having first class constraints only. It is shown that complexification of some phase variables leads to the Gupta-Bleuler formalism.

KEY WORDS: quantization, index spinor, gauge theory, path integral, BRST-charge, propagator.

POSITION-SENSITIVE SILICON MATRICES FOR A SATELLITE CHARGE PARTICLES SPECTROMETER - TELESCOPE "STEP-F"

O.S. Frolov, O.V. Dudnik, A.A. Sadovnichiy, V.A. Shevchenko, S.P. Fabrikov, L.A. Pisarenko, A.M. Torchinskiy, R.B. Podviyanyuk, D.O. Frolov

Abstract
The silicon matrices of the format 6x6 cells with a step of 7.5 mm, gap between elements of 0.16 mm working in a mode of a full congregating of charges at voltage 40 - 60 V are designed. The electrophysical and radiometric characteristics of these matrices are investigated. The cell of array has an electrical noise about 4.5 keV, energy resolution on a-particles 7 - 11 keV. The matrices are designed for a satellite telescopes - spectrometers of charged particles, but can be used in different areas, particularly in radiation medicine. The active areas of matrices are not closed by a metallic film, that usage them allow as photo-converters in a contact to a scintillator for a reception x-ray and g-images.

KEY WORDS: semiconductor detector, silicon matrix, energy resolution, radioactive source, alpha-particles, space research, electric noise, position-sensitive detector.

COMPLEX SIMULATOR OF SPACE ENVIRONMENT FACTORS

V.V. Abraimov, V.V. Eremenko, E.T. Verhovtseva, L.K. Kolybaev, A.S. Zaika, I.M. Nekludov, B.V. Bors, G.D. Tolstolutskaja, He Shiyu, Yang Dezhuang, Liu Hai

Abstract
To develop and construct a complex space environmental factor simulator "KIFC" of the eight basic extreme space environmental factors: artificial solar radiation (in the range 200 - 2500 nm), VUV radiation (in the wavelength range 5 - 200 nm), proton (p+) and electron (e-) fluxes (with the energies 30 - 200 keV), vacuum (10^-7 Torr), thermocycling (in the interval 77 - 430 K), simulation of the blackness coefficiente e ® 1 and the molecular return coefficient z ® 0 to develop and construct new physical techniques of accelerated laboratory simulation of the basic space environmental factor, adequate to natural ones, on the properties of materials.

KEY WORDS: simulator, space environmental factor, complex simulation, materials for spacecraft.

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE OPTICAL MATERIALS FOR SPACE APPLICATION

Liu Hai, V.V. Abraimov, He Shiyu, Yang Dezhuang, I.I. Zalubovsky, Van Huaiij

Abstract
The effects of proton and electron radiation as well as thermal cycling on the properties of the optical materials for space application were studied using the complex simulator of space environmental factor named "KIFK" and "UPI". The energy of proton and electron is range from 60 to 180 keV, which is within the energy range of earth radiation belt. The temperature range is DT = 80 - 403 К. Results showed that the phenomenon took place in the tested materials were: dye of silicon glass (i.e. ionization radiation induced additional light absorption), blister and flake (complicated structural defects formed on the radiated surfaces of mirror and glass) as well as radiation induced discharge (discharging trace forming). The optical properties in the wave range of l = 0.2 - 3.2 mm such as transparence ratio of T(l), absorption ratio of K(l) and reflection ratio of R(l) were remarkably changed by these phenomenon. The results were discussed according the present theory of radiation-induced dye of glass, model of blister and flake as well as the dynamics of charging and discharging. The results were well consistent with the blister theory of V.V. Martynenko.

KEY WORDS: space optical matetials, simulation, proton, electron, thermal cycle, radiation effects.

INTERACTION OF RF-FIELDS WITH ELECTRONS OF ANODE LAYER OF DISCHARGE IN TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC FIELD

N.A. Azarenkov, A.A. Bizyukov, I.A. Bizyukov, V.T. Tolok

Abstract
The results of studies of natural or external high-frequency electric field interaction with a drift electron flux of the anode layer of the discharge in the transverse magnetic field are presented. It is shown that character of electron motion are changed from diffusion to vortex under the effect of azimuthally asymmetrical RF-fields on the drift electron flux in the region of magnetohydrodynamic resonance. This leads to change of electron transport velocity across the magnetic field and, correspondingly, to local decrease of average electron density and ionization velocity in this region. The size of abnormal electron transport zone across the magnetic field is determined by a wave amplitude and drift velocity shear in stationary crossed electrical and magnetic fields both in the case of natural and external RF-fields. The obtained results allow to explain local deformation of ion energy distribution function in the corresponding region of energy distribution observed in the experiments in Hall systems.

KEY WORDS: drift electron layer, discharge in cross magnetic field, abnormal electron transport.

STUDY OF TRANSITIONAL PROCESSES IN MAGNETRON SPUTTERING DEVICE

S.S. Alimov, V.V. Andreyev, V.V. Bobkov, A.V. Onischenko, R.I. Starovoytov

Abstract
The investigations of the evolution with time of I-V characteristics of magnetron discharge with flat copper target accompanied by the mass-spectrometric control of gas composition in work chamber was conducted in the paper. As the result of measurements we obtained that sufficient shift of I-V characteristics towards higher discharge voltage takes place during the initial period of discharge functioning with unprocessed cathode. This effect is followed by subsequent recover of discharge characteristics to the values observed for the cathode long time treated in the magnetron discharge. The phenomenon is expressed more clearly for higher pressure. It was obtained that the shift of discharge characteristics is caused by modification of cathode surface microrelief due to ion sputtering and by changing the gas composition during the outgassing of inner surfaces of vacuum chamber.

KEY WORDS: magnetron sputtering device, gas discharge, I-V characteristics, and mass-spectrometry.

ORDER PARAMETER AND CLASSIFICATION OF EQUILIBRIUM STATES OF NEMATICS

M.Y. Kovalevsky, N.N. Chekanova

Abstract
The classification of an equilibrium states of nematic liquid crystals is carried out on the basis of the quasiaveragyes concept. The representation of an order parameter operator for liquid crystals in the terms of field operators is given. The generalization of a requirement of the residual symmetry for nonuniform equilibrium states is formulated. The admissible requirements of a spatial symmetry in the terms of integrals of motion are found. The connection of these requirements of a symmetry with uniaxial and biaxial structure of an order parameter of liquid crystals for nematic and cholesteric ordering is established.

KEY WORDS: quasiaveragues, liquid crystals, order parameter, nematic, equilibrium, symmetry, сholesteric.

CHARACTERISTIC LATTICE DIMENSIONALITY AND HEAT CAPASITY OF SOLIDS

I.N. Kudryavtsev

Abstract
The theoretical analysis of spectral phonon density of states and heat capacity of solids, depending on the characteristic lattice dimensionality, accounting a dispersion of acoustic and optic phonon modes, is accomplished. The phonon heat capacities calculated for one-, two- and three-dimensional crystals agree with available experimental data. It is shown, that the heat capacity is sensitive to the characteristic dimensionality of crystalline structure of solids in the temperatures range Q_D/10 £ T £ Q_D/2.

KEY WORDS: lattice dimensionality, phonon spectrum, phonon density of states, acoustic and optic phonons, phonon dispersion, heat capacity, low-dimensional crystals.

THE HIDDEN SYMMETRY OF GAS DYNAMIC'S EQUATIONS AND EQUATIONS OF "SHALLOW WATER"

A.V. Babich, V.F. Klepikov, P.A. Shelokovsky

Abstract
The hidden conformal symmetry of the gas dynamic's equations in case of the special connection between dimension of the space and polytropick index is considered. The solutions invariant from the rotation group and conformal group, admitted by that equations, are built. The two-dimension case is considered separately. Because considered equations are similar to the equation of "shallow water" in this case. This fact is impotent to the investigation of two-dimension electron system.

KEY WORDS: hidden symmetry, conformal transformations, invariant solutions, "shallow water".

DYNAMICS OF SELF-SIMILAR STRUCTURE FORMATION IN NONLINEAR DISSIPATIVE MEDIA WITH NONDECAYING SPECTRUM

O.V. Kuklina, A.V. Kirichok, V.M. Kuklin

Abstract
It is shown in the nonlinear wave media with nondecaying spectrum the wave perturbations within the energy dissipation are able to form multiscaling self-similar spatial structures due to the cascade of modulating instabilities. Near the instability threshold the nonlinear structures in form of initial wave modulation arise, which have a linear spectrum possessing a fractal character.

KEY WORDS: self-similar spatial structures, nonlinear dissipative nonequilibrium wave media, weak-above-threshold processes.

METHODS FOR SIMULATION OF NPP ACCIDENT RADIATION FIELDS.
3. TEST-BENCH FOR EXTENT GAMMA-RAY SOURCE MODELLING

S.A. Pismenetsky, V.B. Pyshkin, V.G. Rudychev

Abstract
A source of emergency radiation while nuclear power object accident occurs is, as a rule, a volume of rooms which is filled with radioactive gas or aerosols or a contaminated surfaces. For the experimental investigation of radiation situation near such a source the test bench has been designed and manufactured. It provides modelling of a desirable radiation field of ~ 1.5´1.5 m² size with the help of the set of isotopic sources which are moved in a plane. The test bench consists of IBM-controlled two-coordinate drive and a dosimetric system.

KEY WORDS: technique, emergency radiation, modelling of extent source of radiation, isotopic sources.

GAMMA-DECAY OF THE d_3/2 ANALOGUE STATE IN ³¹P

A.N. Vodin, A.S. Kachan, V.M. Mischenko, R.P. Slabospitsky, I.V. Ushakov, G.K. Khomyakov

Abstract
The experimental study results of the d_3/2 analogue resonance g-decay in reaction ³⁰Si(p,g)³¹P are presented. The decay scheme of the given resonance is elaborated. The angular g-radiation distributions are measured and the partial g-widths are determined. The comparison of intensities of M1 transitions are conducted with calculations on the many-partial model with the superficial d-interaction. It is shown that the isobaric collective state of the core polarisation type takes a substantial part then the analogue resonance decays.

KEY WORDS: nuclear reaction ³⁰Si(p,g)³¹P, isobar analog state, g-decay, angular distribution, probability of М1 transition.

USE OF NUCLEAR-PHYSICAL METHODS FOR LEACHING OF METALS FROM THE GRANITE

N.P. Dikiy, A.N. Dovbnya, E.P. Medvedeva, Yu.V. Lyashko, S.Yu. Saenko, V.L. Uvarov, E.P. Shevyakova, I.D. Fedorets

Abstract
The method of research of alkaline metals and Mn migration from a granite is developed through an irradiation of brake quantums of the electronic accelerator and measurements of the induced activity of elements in process leaching. The radiation of isotopes sodium, caesium, rubidium, and manganese in solution was measured by Ge(Li) detector. The reduction of speed of migration sodium and rubidium from a granite as a time leaching is revealed. The speed of migration caesium and manganese grows as a time leaching. It is supposed, that the growth of migration of manganese as a time leaching is caused hydroxides of mica.

KEY WORDS: accelerator, isotopes, diffusion, radioactive waste, leaching, granite.

OBTAINING OF HIGH PURITY MANGANESE BY DISTILLATION REFINING

V.М. Аzhazha, P.N. V'yugov, S.D. Lavrinenko, M.M. Pylypenko, B.I. Shapoval

Abstract
The process of refinement to manganese of different storage: ferromanganese with high and middle contents to carbon, aluminum thermal manganese and electrolytic manganese by method of distillation is investigated. Speed and factor of vaporization of manganese in temperature dependence of distillation are determined by calculation and experimentally. The increase of impurity level in manganese reduces a factor of vaporization. Perfecting of a design of a condensation tower and selection of optimal distribution of temperature on it promote increase of efficiency of purification of manganese by this method. The applying of the filter from a tungsten powder and screens on a condensation tower increase of purity of distilled manganese on metallic impurities. For further increases of purity of metal need realization of repeated distillation. The applying of offered methods of distillation allows to receive manganese by purity more than 99.99 wt.%.

KEY WORDS: manganese, distillation, refining, purity, efficiency.

THE FEATURES OF SEGREGATION OF DOPED Fe⁵⁷ ATOMS IN SUBSURFACE LAYERS OF DEFORMED BINARY ZIRCONIUM - IRON ALLOYS UNDER AGEING

V.G. Kirichenko, V.A. Shkuropatenko

Abstract
By using Conversion Electron Mossbauer Spectroscopy and X-ray analysis the investigation of subsurface layers of Zr - 0,51 at.% Fe и Zr - 1,03 at.% Fe alloys on the base of iodines zirconium is carried. The compositional and structural heterogenety of subsurface layer of alloys is founded by us and this is displayed in the rise of Fe⁵⁷ concentration in layer about 3000 . The observed segregation of doped iron agree with calculations of surface segregation in Miedema approximation of formation of zirconium - metal binary alloys.

KEY WORDS: zirconium, alloys, structure, composition, surface.

ANALYTIC MODEL FOR THE DEUTERON D-STATE.
1. STATIC PROPERTIES

S.V. Trubnikov, V.D. Afanas'ev, V.I. Botsman, V.S. Trubnikov

Abstract
The compact two-parametrical representation of the deuteron D-state wave function is analyzed. This representation is quite useful for the numerical and analytical calculations. The numerical results for radius r_d, magnetic m_d, and quadruple Q_d moments of the deuteron moments are presented. The dependence on the values of deuteron D-state wave function parameters is clearly demonstrated. The simultaneous description of the all deuteron static properties is obtained.

KEY WORDS: two-parametrical representation of deuteron D-state wave function, static deuteron properties.