TOPOSES AND CATEGORIES IN QUANTUM THEORY AND GRAVITY

S.A. Duplij, W. Marcinek

Abstract
The topos theory is discussed from the physical point of view. Basic ideas of topos are presented and explained. The connection with algebras of classical and quantum observables, alternative concepts of space-time, theory of relativity and quantum gravity, the generalized histories approach to a quantum theory of the whole universe are reviewed. Using developed by the authors formalism of n-regular obstructed categories the concept of a topos is properly generalized.

KEY WORDS: topos, category, presheaf, intuitionistic logic, obstruction, n-regularity.

MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECT ON RADIATION OF ULTRARELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS IN AMORPHOUS MATTER: THEORY AND EXPERIMENT

N.F. Shu1'ga, S.P. Fomin

Abstract
The analysis of SLAC E-146 experimental data is carried out on the basis of different theoretical approaches for describing of multiple scattering effect on ultrarelativistic electron bremsstrahlung in amorphous medium. It is shown that besides the experimental proof of bremsstrahlung suppression effects due to a multiple scattering (the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect) and due to a medium polarization (the Ter-Mikaelian effect) there was the first observation of the suppression of radiation effect in a thin layer of matter, which was predicted before. Special attention is paid to the analysis of validity conditions of different theoretical approaches and to clear up existence ranges of above-mentioned effects.

KEY WORDS: electron, multiple scattering, radiation, high energy, LPM effect.

STOCHASTICITY OF HEAVY ION TRAJECTORIES IN DRIFT OPTIMISED PLASMA CONFIGURATION

N.A. Azarenkov, O.A. Shyshkin, R. Schneider, H. Wobig, Yu.L. Igitkhanov

Abstract
Behavior of the impurity ion tungsten with the high charge number in the magnetic field of HELIAS stellarator is studied. Effect of the radial electric field is taken into account. Also attention is paid to the tungsten motion at the boundary region of the magnetic configuration where stochastic layer exists. Numerical calculation is done by integration of guiding center equations with the use of flux coordinates. It is shown that the electric field causes deviations of particle trajectories from corresponding magnetic surfaces. In some cases particle does not "feel" magnetic islands structure. This phenomenon is very important to be considered especially in the island region, which is the part of the divertor configuration. Analytical expressions for the stochastic diffusion coefficients, which are used to describe ion behavior in stochastic region, are obtained.

KEY WORDS: tungsten, impurity ion, HELIAS stellarator, stochastic layer, flux coordinates, stochastic diffusion coefficients, radial electric field.

ON THE KINETIC THEORY OF PROPAGATION OF WAVES IN CONDITIONS OF PHASE COHERENCE OF MICROBEAMS IN PLASMA

A.A. Vodyanitskii

Abstract
The improvements are brought the further development of research of a predicted in previous works phenomena of translucence of plasma wave barriers as a result of linear kinetic effects. It is developed kinetic theory of propagation and interaction of EМ waves and the modulated micro beams of the charged particles in plasma in the non-uniform magnetic field, exciting behind a wave barrier the non-local modulated current as a result of phase coherence of these micro beams modulated before a barrier. The conditions preventing decrease of a signal owing to phase non-coherence of across motion are received.

KEY WORDS: Plasma wave barriers, collective damping of waves, phase coherence, modulated micro beams, resonance's.

KINETIC THEORY OF AN AZIMUTHAL ELECTRON CURRENT POTENTIAL PLASMA WAVES

V.I. Lapshyn, V.I. Tkachenko, I.V. Tkachenko

Abstract
The kinetic theory of cylindrical electron plasma in external magnetic and own radial electric field is introduced in this work. Considering electron interaction with superconductive walls. Dispersion equation obtained in this work describes longitudinal and azimuthal potential waves of cylindrical electron plasma as well. This dispersion equation was investigated in the longwave limit and in the limit case of small electron thermal velocities. In this case dispersion equation describes well-known electrostatic oscillations of electron plasma. Considering of small electron thermal velocities leads to increasing of electron plasma eigen modes comparing to those obtained in hydrodynamic approach. Dispersion properties of rotating electron plasma with finite thermal velocities are investigated.

KEY WORDS: azimuth current, kinetic equation, instability, Brilloin current.

DRIFT CYCLOTRON TURBULENCE OF A RADIALLY INHOMOGENEOUS AXIALLY SYMMETRIC PLASMA

V.S. Mikhailenko, K.N. Stepanov, D.V. Chibisov

Abstract
The kinetic drift-cyclotron instability of weakly inhomogeneous axially symmetric plasma with arbitrary radial distribution of density and temperature is investigated. The condition of instability excitation is found. Based on nonlinear interaction cylindrical waves theory the evolution of drift-cyclotron instability is studied. The saturation level of drift turbulence is determined.

KEY WORDS: plasma, cylindrical waves drift-cyclotron instability, turbulence, nonlinear instability.

PARAMETRIC EXCITATION OF POTENTIAL SURFACE WAVES AT 'PLASMA-METAL' INTERFACE

N.A. Azarenkov, Yu.A. Akimov, V.P. Olefir

Abstract
The parametric excitation of potential surface waves that propagate in planar waveguide structure plasma-metal by external alternating electric field is considered in this paper. It is derived the equations system that describes the excitation of surface waves. The expression for instability increment at linear stage of excitation and external electric field threshold, under exceeding of which the parametric instability is possible, are obtained also. The account of self-interaction and interaction of exciting waves allow to consider the waves amplitudes saturation process.

KEY WORDS: surface waves, parametric excitation, excitation threshold, saturation amplitude.

ALPHA-GAMMA TRANSITION FEATURES IN RF CAPACITIVE DISCHARGE IN LOW PRESSURE OXYGEN

V.A. Lisovskiy

Abstract
The paper reports the recorded current-voltage characteristics of the RF capacitive discharge in oxygen. It is shown that the transition of the discharge from a weak-current to a strong-current regime of burning in the range of medium gas pressures is accompanied by low-frequency oscillations of the plasma potential in a kiloHertz frequency range. It is found that the existence region of a weak-current regime of a RF capacitive discharge is limited not only from the medium pressure side but also from the lower pressure one. Electron temperature and plasma density are determined with a probe technique.

KEY WORDS: RF capacitive gas discharge, low pressure, probe, negative ions.

USE OF THE LINEAR ELECTRON ACCELERATOR FOR DEFINE OF DIVIDED MATHERIALS IN RADIOACTIVE WASTE

S.S. Kochetov, R.P. Slabospitskij, V.V. Kirichenko

Abstract
Two approaches to express sorting radioactive waste with use LEA, photodivision, based on photo- and neutron-nuclear processes of division are analysed. For the first time it is offered on one LEA to use practically simultaneously both methods by automatic replacement of a neutron-making target on a target brake g - radiation. Is shown, that the outputs of late division neutrons of transuranium elements during photonuclear and neutron-nuclear division on fast neutrons are about identical. The program of the further perfection of the considered methods of the analysis is planned.

KEY WORDS: photo-division, neutron-nuclear division transuranium elements.

REGIONS OF DISORDERING IN SIMICONDUCTORS

N.M. Pelykhaty, A.K. Ghnap , E.P. Hramov, G.V. Prohorov, N.I. Kovalenko, T.P. Suhova, M.J. Rohmanov

Abstract
Regions of disordering created in illuminating and their effect on penetrating their signals in a semiconductor. The influence of these regions on the signal has been analyzed; the signal is propagating in the semiconductor. And this signal intereffects on parameters changes in the regions of disordering have been studied. The formation of nuclei of disordered regions and their periphery have been computed and analyzed. The analysis of the results obtained demonstrates that electrical signals spreading in the devices of solid state electronics must be deformed, thus the possible changes of the following parameters as time of scatterings, switching on and switching off time of integral schemes increasing may occur.

KEY WORDS: regions of disordering, neutron, silicon, sinusoidal signal, irradiation.

THE STRUCTURAL-PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE AUSTENITIC STEELS UNDER AGING, DEFORMATION AND GAMMA-IRRADIATION

V.G. Kirichenko, D.V. Chmil

Abstract
By using Electron Microscopy, X-ray analysis and Conversion Electron Mossbauer Spectroscopy the investigation of structure, phase composition and structural-phase transformations in volume and subsurface layers of austenitic chromium-nickel steels 12X18H10T 08X16H11M3B under thermal aging, plastic deformation and gamma-irradiation is carried. The symbatic influence of cold plastic deformation and radiation gamma - aging on the development of straight and reverse g - a transformations is founded that bring to the change of relative contents of paramagnetic austenite (g - phase) and ferromagnetic a - phase in subsurface layers of steels. The main influence of gamma-irradiation connected with region of small degrees of cold plastic deformation, which depend from subsurface layers depth, is showed.

KEY WORDS: structure, phase composition, surface, steels, deformation, gamma-irradiation.

INFLUENCE OF UPPER TEMPERATURE AND OF RATE THERMOCYCLIC TREATMENT ON ACOUSTIC EMISSION OF BERYLLIUM

P.I. Stoev, I.I. Papirov

Abstract
The results of influence on acoustic emission of hot-pressed beryllium of top temperature and speed of thermocyclic treatment are given. Is shown, that top temperature of processing essentially influences on the mechanical and acoustic characteristics hot-pressed beryllium . At realization of process thermocyclic treatment from top temperature 500°C at an investigated grade of a material the minimal activity acoustic emission and low total of registered pulses is observed. The acoustic spectra of beryllium samples after process thermocyclic treatment with various speeds are received. The opportunity of use of acoustic parameters for a choice of optimum temperature of process thermocyclic treatment and quality surveillance of spent heat treatment is shown.

KEY WORDS: beryllium, acoustic emission, thermocyclic treatment.

OBTAINING HIGH-PURITY OF SCANDIUM

I.I. Papirov, V.S. Shokurov, A.I. Pikalov, V.D. Virich, V.A. Shkuropatenko, S.V. Sivtsov, A.I. Mazin

Abstract
The method of the vacuum distillation of scandium is improved in activity at the expense of applying the special distillation device and optimization of parameters of purification at multistage process of refinement. The constructional and the technological know-how for increase of the useful output of the refining metal of demanded purity is offered. The obtained scandium has purity not worse than 99,99% of weights (on metallical additives) after twice vacuum distillation.

KEY WORDS: scandium, vacuum distillation, distillation device, element structure, optimization.

STUDY OF SPECTRUM SIGNALS OF ELECTROSTATIC BEAM MONITORS

V.E. Ivashchenko, I.M. Karnaukhov, V.I. Trotsenko, A.A. Shcherbakov

Abstract
In this paper the research methods of effect of closed orbit beam position on a spectrum signals of electrostatic monitors used for diagnostics of a beam in circular accelerators is described. Is shown, that the displacement of closed orbit from the monitor centre causes significant distortion of a spectrum signal of betatron oscillations that can make to an impossible measurement of beam parameters in some points of the monitor aperture. Calculations and analysis of spectra signals of ISI-800 storage ring beam position monitor one has carried out for example.

KEY WORDS: cyclical accelerators, beam position monitors, coupling impedance, function fitting, spectrum analysis.

MEASUREMENTS OF PROJECTILE IONS VELOCITY DURING THE IONS INTERACTION WITH TARGETS BY METHODS OF X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY

S. Korostiy, S. Pikuz Jr., O. Rosmej, D.H.H. Hoffmann

Abstract
The measurements of fast heavy ion velocity during the ion interaction with stopping media is presented. The focusing spectrograph with spatial resolution (FSSR) was used. Spherically bent crystals of quartz and mica with small curvature radius R=150 mm and large apertures were used as dispersive elements. Due to the focusing properties of the spherical crystal surface, FSSR is characterized by a very high luminosity, large field of view and very high spectral and spatial resolutions, obtained simultaneously. High spectrally and spatially resolved spectra of Ca-projectile lines and К_a - satellite spectra of target were obtained. Ca ions with energies of 5.9 and 11.4 MeV/u being stopped in SiO₂-aerogels and CaF₂. Relativistic Doppler effect on the projectile line radiation is used for space resolved spectroscopic analysis of projectile and target radiation along the ion beam trajectory. The e-gun was used for the absolute measurements of Doppler shifted line position.

KEY WORDS: stopping power, effective charge, Doppler effect, К_a - satellite spectra, spectral resolution, X-ray spectroscopy.

GENERALISED BURGERS' EQUATION OF NONLINEAR SECONDARY WAVES IN GAS OF QUASI-PARTICLES

V.D. Khodusov, V.I. Lagno

Abstract
Generalized Burgers' equation solutions for nonlinear secondary waves in the quasi-particles gas is considered. It can be reduced to the ordinary Burgers' equation in the secondary waves existence region. The group analysis of the equation is performed. The group of symmetries, reduced equations and some exact solutions of the equation are found.

KEY WORDS: quasi-particles, nonlinearity, secondary waves, generalized Burgers' equation, Lie groups.