ALUMNI OF THE SCHOOL OF PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY - ITS MATTER OF PROUD

V.D. Khodusov

Full Text :   (3100 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
Recently, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University celebrated two memorable events. 65 years ago, nuclear physicists graduated from the University for the first time. 50 years ago, School of Physics and Technology was established on the base of the Department of nuclear Physics. 2872 young people have graduated from the School since that time. If the alumni of the Department of Nuclear Physics are taken into account then total number of the nuclear alumni is 3428. 733 alumni graduated from the School with diplomas with distinction. 78 persons more graduated with such diplomas from the Department. Among the nuclear alumni there are over one thousand Doctors and Candidates of Science, 28 Academicians and Corresponding Members of the Academy of Sciences, Hero of Socialist Labor O.I. Pavlovsky, Hero of Ukraine V.G. Baryakhtar, authors of three inventions which were registered in the Soviet register of inventions, directors of the largest research institutions and enterprises, heads of physical laboratories all over the Ukraine and abroad, well-known political figures and managers of science. More than one hundred alumni are laureates of different prizes: State Prizes of USSR, Ukrainian and other Republics, Prizes of Academies. What is the secret of such a high efficiency in educating the specialists? The answer is simple: the secret consists in so-called "fiztech" system of education that was introduced from the very first days of functioning of the Department of Nuclear Physics. This system is based on the fundamental education in Mathematics and Physics as well as on including of the students into real research carried out in physical institutions (first of all - national Science Center "Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology") for which the School prepares the specialists. Leading researchers of these institutes give lectures on special issues, supervise the students' research projects. Students start to carry out the research on the third-fourth year. Experimental equipment of the institutes is available for the students' research, for the BSc and MSc thesis preparation, for the industrial practice, etc. In the paper below, one can find biographical data on the most outstanding alumni of the Department of Nuclear Physics and School of Physics and Technology, which had become Academicians. We hope, it will be interesting for those indifferent persons and, especially, for the youth.

NANOSTRUCTURAL MATERIALS IN THE NUCLEAR ENGINEERING

N.A. Azarenkov, V.N. Vojevodin, V.G. Kirichenko, G.P. Kovtun, V.V. Kurinny, S.V. Lytovchenko

Full Text :   (5000 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
A brief review of research findings, pilot projects and application of nanomaterials in the nuclear power industry and engineering is presented. Examined are the prospects of creation of nanostructural materials and coatings for building blocks in NPPs and future fission reactors with a view to improving mechanical properties, increasing radiation resistance. Also, investigated are the main problems arising from development of methods for nuclear fuel modification, development of dispersion-hardened steels.

KEY WORDS: nanomaterials, nanotechnologies, nuclear fuel cycle, radiation resistance and corrosion resistance

SURFACE VIBRATIONS IN SEMI-INFINITE CHAINS WITH CONSIDERATION OF LONG-RANGE INTERACTION. SURFACE VIBRATIONS IN CUBIC CRYSTALS

M.S. Klochko, A.O. Mamalui, K.A. Minakova, A.A. Rozhkov, E.S. Syrkin

Full Text :   (4800 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
Vibrations within infinite and semi-infinite monoatomic and diatomic chains in approximation of nearest and next nearest neighbors have been considered. Phonon dispersion relations in an infinite and a semi-infinite cubic crystal have been studied. Calculations have been carried out using a unitary methodology based on solving the difference equations. The following methodology is of broad generality and can be used for studying of both continuous and discrete spectrum in crystal models close to real systems. For cubic crystals volume vibrations zones and localized states representing surface waves have been calculated.

KEY WORDS: phonons, localized state, surface waves, force constants matrix, adsorbed monolayer, long-range interaction

NUCLEAR BURNING WAVE REACTOR: SMOOTH START-UP PROBLEM

O.S. Fomin, S.P. Fomin, Yu.P. Mel’nik, V.V. Pilipenko, N.F. Shul’ga

Full Text :   (1700 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
The search for a smooth start-up method preventing the excessive increase of neutron flux and power production in the prospective fast reactor at the stage of establishing the self-sustained nuclear burning wave (NBW) regime is carried out. The problem is studied by means of numerical simulation of the initiation and evolution of NBW in such a reactor. For this simulation we use the deterministic approach based on solving the non-stationary neutron diffusion equation using the effective multi-group approximation together with a set of burn-up equations for fuel components and equations of nuclear kinetics for precursor nuclei of delayed neutrons. The special composition of the ignition zone composition that provides a smooth start-up of the NBW reactor is proposed. The features of the initial stage of the NBW reactor are studied in detail.

KEY WORDS: fast reactor, nuclear burning wave, smooth start-up method, intrinsic safety, non-stationary diffusion equation.

MAGNETOSTATIC WAVES IN STRUCTURE WITH TWO ANISOTROPIC LAYERS WITH NONCOLLINEAR ORIENTATION OF MAGNETIZATIONS

A.F. Bukhanko

Full Text :   (1200 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
In this paper we present a theoretical investigation of the magnetostatic volume wave propagation in bilayer structure consisted of two ferromagnetic layers. The magnetic anisotropy field is assumed to be different in the two layers, and hence the magnetization in one layer сan be aligned at an angle with respect to the magnetization direction in the other layer. The case of cubic and indused uniaxial anisotropy have been considered. Numerical calculations for YIG (yttrium-iron-garnet) ferrites show anisotropic propagation of the volume magnetostatic wave in that structure. Dispersion curves for YIG bilayer structure are shown to illustrate the effects of angle between the magnetization vectors in the magnetic layers and propagation direction on the properties of magnetostatic waves.

KEY WORDS: magnetostatic waves, bilayer structure, noncollinear orientation, anisotropy, dispersion relationship

PHASON SINKS OF RADIATION DEFECTS IN QUASICRYSTALS

G.N. Lazareva, A.S. Bakai

Full Text :   (1200 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
Phason sinks of radiation defects in quasicrystals are considered as partial point defects. The kinetics of point defect absorption by single phasons is studied. A model of the dislocation loop with the phason fault under irradiation is developed. The capture efficiency of the dislocation loop for point defects is derived. The dependence of the dislocation loop bias on the loop radius is obtained. It is shown that the phason defects decrease the total bias in a quasicrystal as compared to an ordinary crystal.

KEY WORDS: quasicrystal, irradiation, dislocation loop, phason fault, bias

SYMMETRY OF 1D PARAMETRIC INSTABILITY DESCRIPTION OF LANGMUIR WAVES

V.M. Kuklin

Full Text :   (1800 kB, Rus.) 

Abstract
It is shown, the modulation instability processes of long-wave Langmuir oscillation in hot and cold plasmas are possessed such a symmetry and mechanism of short-wave oscillation excitation. The maximum of the growth rate of the instability in cold plasma moves in short-wave part of spectrum, in hot plasma the growth rates in all over the spectral region are reduced, if the amplitude of pump wave has decreased. The value of the growth rate maximum in cold plasma in this case not changes, but in hot plasma similar value decreases. The energy motion along the spectrum is due to mode coupling and in cold plasma the drift of the growth rate maximum, in hot plasma - large-scale increments in short-wave part of spectrum. The spatial symmetry of ions perturbation is associated with such symmetry type of field and electrons perturbation. The amplitude of standing wave structure, which is appeared in that case, is increasing and the half- width of it is reducing in initial stage of the instability. When such symmetry is absent, the field and the density deformation are formed at the expense of the interference of different scale perturbation.

KEY WORDS: modulation instability, Langmuir oscillation, hot and cold plasmas, spatial symmetry

MULTIGRAVITY AND PAULI-FIERZ MODEL

S.A. Duplij, A.T. Kotvytskiy

Full Text :   (1800 kB, Rus.) 

Abstract
A general approach for description of multigravity models in D-dimensional space-time, (D > 3) is presented. Different possibilities of generalization of the invariant volume and general form of the interaction potential is proposed. A thorough analisys of the bigravity model along the 3+1 expansion formalism is made. The requirement of the aabsence of ghost leds to the equivalence of the model to the massive gravity (the Pauli-Fierz model).

KEY WORDS: multigravity, bigravity, massive gravity, invariant volume, interaction potential, Pauli-Fierz model

VIRTUAL WATER MOLECULE DISSOCIATION IN EXTERNAL ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

A.V. Alforova, B.V. Borts, V.I. Tkachenko

Full Text :   (1900 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
The model is proposed for describing a real water molecule by its two-dimensional analog, namely, the virtual molecule (VM). The proposed VM model provides the condition of coincidence between the fundamental eigenfrequencies of the real molecule and its virtual analog. The other VM parameters (bond length and atomic mass) are renormalized so that the molecule should steadily exist for a long time interval. Linear dynamics of VM atoms in the field of a monochromatic electromagnetic wave has been investigated. It is shown that under the action of an external electromagnetic field on the molecule at a resonance frequency, secular modes of vibrations are observed. The last ones are characterized by a time-linear growth of atomic oscillation amplitudes. The influence of the turn on of an external force at the time of stabilization of eigenfrequencies of the VM on the stability of VM atomic oscillations were made. It is shown that in some cases breaking of one of the VM bonds inevitably leads to the VM dissociation as a whole. As a result of numerical simulation, it has been established that the bond breaking has a threshold character, i.e., dissociation is not observed at the external force, which is below a certain value. In the region of forces exceeding the threshold values, the variation in the external electromagnetic field frequency is insensitive to the resonance effects that are due to the presence of dedicated frequencies of the VM. It is demonstrated that in the region, where the H-O bond breaking always takes place, there exist the H-H bond stability islands. Optimum parameters of VM dissociation have been determined.

KEY WORDS: virtual water molecule, eigenfrequencies, bond length, atomic mass, external force, dissociation

ROLE OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM AT CAPTURE OF HEAVY NUCLEI INTERACTION

R.A. Anokhin, K.V. Pavlii

Full Text :   (1800 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
The influence of angular momentum on the dynamics of the heavy nucleus interaction in the capture process is analyzed on a dynamic-statistical approach. The range of light nuclei and stability region for angular momentum, where capture is possible, are determined on the basis of analysis of the nucleus-nucleus potential for reactions with heavy nuclei ²³⁸₉₂U, ²⁴⁴₉₄Pu, ²⁴⁸₉₆Cm and ²⁵¹₉₈Cf. The capture cross sections of compound nuclei with Z₀=120 and 126 are calculated, and the most perspective reactions to obtain the superheavy elements are pointed out.

KEY WORDS: angular momentum, synthesis of superheavy elements, stability region, capture cross section

BIMONOCRYSTALL MATERIALS – IN SITU REFRACTOREY MICROMPOSITES

N.A. Azarenkov, V.E. Semenenko, A.V. Leonovich, T.A. Kovalenko

Full Text :   (1700 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
This article contains observation on the bimonocrystal materials received by using heavy gradient direct crystallization with a high content of the carbide phase. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructural changes and the growth of technological ductility were investigated. The dislocation structure of the phase boundaries, matrix and strengthening phases were studied. High-temperature mechanical testing was performed, mechanism of composition and mechanical microcomposites hardening was observed.

KEY WORDS: solidification, bimonocrystall carbide materials, implementation phase, dislocations, strengths

DEPOSITION OF COATINGS OF TUNGSTEN AND TWO-LAYER COPPER-TUNGSTEN COMPOSITION

S.S. Alimov, N.A. Azarenkov, V.V. Bobkov, .I. Okseniuk, A.A. Skrypnyk, R.I. Starovoytov, L.P. Tishchenko

Full Text :   (1700 kB, Eng.) 

Abstract
In the work a technology of tungsten films and two-layer copper-tungsten coatings deposition on stainless steel substrates was developed. The coatings were deposited by magnetron and arc sputtering of materials with condensation of them on the testing substrates. The deposition objects were probe of the ICRF antenna on fusion devices and reference samples, on which the properties of obtained coatings were studied. The possibility of tungsten coatings forming on long-length elements of functional blocs was considered.

KEY WORDS: sputtering systems, multilayer coatings, tungsten films, copper films, adhesion