QUASI-FREE ELECTRON SCATTERING ON CARBON AND SOME PROPERTIES OF THE NUCLEAR INTERACTION

A.Yu. Korchin, E.L. Kuplennikov, Yu.N. Ranyuk

Full Text :  (190 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
Status of the experimental and theoretical study of quasi-free electron scattering on nucleus ¹²C is discussed. Main attention is paid to dependence of the quasi-free peak position on the momentum transfer. Possibilities of using experimental dependences for selection of realistic models of nucleon-nucleon interaction, dynamical short-range correlations in nuclei, parameters of nucleon-nucleus potential and effective nucleon mass are analyzed in detail.

KEY WORDS: electron, nucleon, quasi-free electron scattering, cross section, nuclear model, nucleon-nucleon interaction.

THE POLARIZATION PHENOMENA IN TWO-PARTICLE PHOTODISINTEGRATION OF NUCLEUS ⁴He IN REACTION ⁴He(γ,N)T

Yu.A. Kasatkin, I.K. Kirichenko

Full Text :  (450 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
In this article the polarization phenomena are discussed in the processes ⁴He(γ,N)T of two-partial disintegration of nucleus ⁴He in the nucleonic channel. It is shown that taking into account triangle diagram corresponding to 1- resonance, in addition to gauge-closed pole approximation, does not contradict available experimental data on the polarized sections and polarization of final particles.

KEY WORDS: vertex function, form factors, polarization phenomena, gauge invariance, photodisintegration.

RECIRCULATOR "SALO" - A BASIS FOR CREATION OF A MODEL OF SUB-CRITICAL REACTOR CONTROLLED BY THE ACCELERATOR

V.V. Gann, I.S. Guk, A.N. Dovbnya, S.G. Kononenko, A.S. Kostromin, F.A. Peev, I.M. Prochorets, C.A. Soldatov, A.S. Tarasenko, M. van der Wiel, J.I.M. Botman

Full Text :  (750 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
Recently opportunities of creation test facility with sub-critical reactors controlled by accelerators of particles are actively discussed. At an initial stage of these researches it is the most expedient to use electron accelerators as cost of such facility will be much less, than at use of proton beams. Thus it will be possible to study all physical processes occurring at teamwork of the accelerator and sub-critical assembly. In work the special operating mode recirculator "SALO" is considered in structure of model of the future power plants. The channel of beam transportation to a target and requirements to stability of beam parameters on the targets is described. Some variants of a design sub-critical assembly on basis a low enrichment uranium are resulted.

KEY WORDS: recirculator, sub-critical assembly, electron accelerator.

TERMOELECTROMECHANICAL WAVES IN SUPERFLUID HELIUM

D.M. Litvinenko, V.D. Khodusov

Full Text :  (360 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
In present paper we have derived equations of two-fluid hydrodynamics for superfluid helium with the account of external electromagnetic fields. Due to these equations we have obtained the renormalization of first and second sound velocities which are the phase velocities of thermoelectromechanical waves, and we also obtain the link between oscillations of quantities in first and second sound waves. As a result we have obtained the value of piroelectrical coefficient in Не II, modulation of energy of the quasi-particle by external electric field.

KEY WORDS: superfluid Helium, equations of two-fluid hydrodynamics, first and second sound, rotons, coupled waves.

FINE STRUCTURE OF ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS AND POLARIZATION OF RADIATION BY RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS AND POSITRONS IN A THIN CRYSTAL

A.S. Fomin, S.P. Fomin, N.F. Shul'ga

Full Text :  (740 kB, Eng.)

Abstract
The results of the theoretical investigation of angular distributions and polarization of radiation by relativistic electrons and positrons passing through a thin crystal at a small angle to the crystal axis are presented. It is shown that the nontrivial fine structure of angular distributions of the emitted photons is connected to the multiple scattering effect on radiation of high energy particles in crystal (similar to the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect). It is also shown that using slit collimation of photon beam one can obtain a high degree of linear polarization of radiation, however, the circular polarization of radiation in a thin crystal is close to zero for any direction.

KEY WORDS: relativistic electron, relativistic positron, gamma radiation, non-dipole regime, linear polarization, circular polarization, crystal.

FOCUSING OF PARAMETRIC X-RAY RADIATION FROM A BENT CRYSTAL

A.V. Shchagin

Full Text :  (230 kB, Eng.)

Abstract
An idea of producing a focused parametric X-ray radiation (PXR) without special X-ray optics is presented. The PXR is emitted by relativistic charged particles channelling along a bent crystal. Then the PXR emitted from the whole length of the bent crystal is going to the focus. Some properties of focused PXR are estimated for typical experimental conditions and possible applications are discussed. Results of estimations of the focuses position, energies, number of quanta, and polarization of focused PXR and also number of quanta of characteristic X-ray radiation are presented for 450 GeV protons channeling in bent Si crystal. Besides, formation of virtual images of the focuses is shown. The experiment for observation of focused PXR is proposed.

KEY WORDS: parametric X-rays, channelling, bent crystal, focusing of X-rays, virtual images.

GAMMA-DECAY OF THE ISOBAR ANALOGUE 2p_3/2-RESONANCE IN THE REACTION ⁴⁰Ar(pγ)⁴¹K

A.N. Vodin, I.V. Ushakov, G.E. Tuller, L.P. Korda, V.T. Bykov, G.O. Rastrepina, M.V. Vashchenko

Full Text :  (270 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
The γ-decay of 2p_3/2 analogue resonances observed in the ⁴⁰Ar(pγ)⁴¹K reaction are studied at Е_р = 1839, 1842, 1859, 1875 and 1896 keV. The decay schemes of the given resonances were constructed, mixing ratios δ were found for primary γ-transitions and their partial γ-widths Г_γi were determined. The rates of analogue-antianalogue М1 transitions are found to be slow in comparison with estimations on the shell model with surface δ-forces. It is connected with deformation of ⁴¹K nucleus. It is shown that collective effects connected with the excitation of core polarisation states take part in the γ-decay of the analogue resonance.

KEY WORDS: ⁴⁰Ar(pγ)⁴¹K reaction, analogue resonance, γ-decay, probability of М1 transition.

INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF ANALOGUE STATES WITH J^π=5/2⁺ IN ³¹P

A.N. Vodin, L.P. Korda, G.O. Rastrepina, I.V. Ushakov, V.T. Bykov, G.E. Tuller, M.V. Vashchenko

Full Text :  (270 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
The experimental study results of the d_5/2 analogue resonance γ-decay in reaction ³⁰Si(p,γ)³¹P are presented. The decay scheme of the given resonance is elaborated. The angular γ-radiation distributions are measured and the partial γ-widths are determined. The comparison of intensities of М1 transitions are conducted with calculations on the many-partial model with the superficial δ -interaction. It is shown that the isobaric collective state of the core polarization type takes a substantial part then the analogue resonance decays.

KEY WORDS: nuclear reaction ³⁰Si(p,γ)³¹P, isobar analog state, γ-decay, angular distribution, probability of М1 transition.

INFLUENCE OF FLUCTUATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON OSCILLATIONS IN PLASMA

A.I. Sokolovsky, A.A. Stupka

Full Text :  (290 kB, Ukr.)

Abstract
In non-relativistic case equations of motion for the homogeneous and isotropic system of electromagnetic field and collisionless plasma have been obtained. The second correlation moments of intensities and potentials are used as independent variables for description of the field. Possibility of connected oscillations of plasma temperature and field correlations with the double plasma frequency is shown. Oscillations of kinetic energy of a probe charged particle are predicted too.

KEY WORDS: electromagnetic field, reduced description of the nonequilibrium systems, second correlation moments, oscillation of temperature, plasma frequency.

THE FORMATION FEATURES OF THE INTERMETALLIDES IN Zr-Fe⁵⁷-M (M=V, Cr, Nb, Mo, Cu, Ta) ALLOYS

V.G. Kirichenko, A.I. Kirdin

Full Text :  (780 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
By using Mossbauer Spectroscopy on Fe⁵⁷ nuclei the investigation of structure and phase composition of intermetallides in binary (Zr-0,31wt.%Fe, Zr-0,63wt.%Fe) and ternary Zr-0,31wt.%Fe-М (M= 0,28wt.%V; 0,3wt.%Cr; 0,5wt.%Mo; 0,5wt.%Nb; 1wt.%Ta; 0,3wt.%Cu) on the zirconium base at the deformed and annealed state is carried out. In deformed state the compositional heterogeneity of intermetallic phase inclusions, which consist from two phases with various structures, is discovered. Under thermal aging in temperature range 570-1070K in all alloys (except Zr-0,31wt.%Fe-0,28wt.%V) the segregation effects which concluded in concentration rise of the ferrous containing intermetallic inclusions in subsurface layers by high mobility of nanocrystalline particles of the ferrous containing are formed. On the base of experimental data for Zr-Fe-M (М - transition metal) systems the correlation between hyperfine interactions parameters (isomer shift and quadrupole splitting) and coefficients of surface segregation by Fe⁵⁷ atoms and electric negativity of M is found.

KEY WORDS: zirconium alloys, intermetallic inclusions, hyperfine interactions, segregation.

NANOSTRUCTURE FORMATION IN THE THIN COPER FILMS UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE DEPOSITION

I.G. Marchenko

Full Text :  (370 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
In the paper the method of qualitative simulation was applied to study the process of nanostructure formation in thin copper films under conditions of low-temperature deposition. The time dependences of the film roughness were obtained. It is shown that the nanostructure formation is related with the morphological instability in the process of deposition. Development of microcracks and vacancy clusters separating the nanoblocks is determined by the effect of incident atom trajectory deviation in the force field of surface atoms. The mechanism of microcracking is connected with the fluctuation nucleation in the film surface of a zone with the stacking fault. A conclusion about the transition, in the course of low-temperature deposition, from the stochastic grow to the phase of ordered growth of nanocrystals is drawn.

KEY WORDS: films, vacuum deposition, nanostructure, simulation, copper.

MECHANICAL AND ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALLOY Zr-2,5%Nb AFTER SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION

V.M. Azhazha, A.N. Velikodnyj, M.A. Tikhonovsky, I.D. Tolmachev, N.F. Andrievskaya, A.I. Pikalov, P.N. Vjugov

Full Text :  (570 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
Researches of mechanical and electrophysical characteristics of Zr-2,5%Nb alloy processed by wire drawing at room temperature was done. It was shown, that relative resistivity and thermoelectric power changed in the similar vicissitude manner. Observed vicissitude correlates with behavior of mechanical properties and can depend on the change of deformation mechanisms.

KEY WORDS: severe plastic deformation, resistivity, thermoelectric power, mechanical properties, vicissitude.

PARTICULARITIES OF EXPERIMENAL DATA TREATMENT AT MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR REACTION CROSS SECTIONS BY ACTIVATION TECHNIQUE

V.N. Bondarenko

Full Text :  (280 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
An application of the activation method to measurement of total cross sections of nuclear reactions initiated by fast light ions is discussed. Ion stopping and attenuation of γ-ray emission from decaying product nuclei in target material are taken into account at evaluation of cross section from the measured γ-ray emission yield. Effects of departure of the target material isotopic content from natural on mass stopping power and mass coefficient of γ-ray absorption at using of isotope enriched targets are discussed.

KEY WORDS: nuclear reactions, total cross sections, activation method, stopping power of ions, γ-ray absorption.

LOW TEMPERATURE FLUORESCENCE OF INDICATOR DYES AND ITS USING FOR STUDYING OF PROCESSES IN GLUCOSE BIOSENSORS

T.S. Kiyan, V.N. Melnykov, V.T. Koppe, V.V. Bobkov, Yu.E. Logachov

Full Text :  (270 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
Fluorescence spectra of a number of indicator sulfophthalein dye at low (liquid nitrogen) temperature using as solvents pentanol, glycerol and "sodium phosphate buffer + glycerol" composite were measured and analyzed. The possibility of such dyes using for studying of processes going in glucose biosensors that based on catalytic oxidizing of glucose in the presence of glucose oxidase was considered. The influence of introduction of gluconic acid (product of enzymic glucose oxidation) on low temperature fluorescence spectra of dyes in "sodium phosphate buffer + glycerol" solvent was shown. The influence of interaction time of components in the model solvent on low temperature fluorescence spectra was studied. At a longer interaction time there were noted changing similar to ones at the introduction of gluconic acid in the model solvent.

KEY WORDS: fluorescence spectroscopy, low temperature fluorescence, indicator sulfophthalein dyes, glucose biosensor.

ON THE APPLICATION OF SIMS METHOD TO INVESTIGATION OF GLUCOSE BIOSENSOR COMPONENTS INTERACTION

V.N. Melnykov, V.A. Litvinov, V.T. Koppe, V.V. Bobkov, V.V. Tovstyak

Full Text :  (310 kB, Rus.)

Abstract
This work is dedicated to the issues of application of secondary ion mass-spectrometry with liquid matrix when studying interaction of components in aqueous (or buffer) solutions of complex bioorganic systems. For the purposes of analysis, the probes from the aqueous solutions of the systems under study are dissolved in glycerol matrix. The behavior of the secondary ions characteristic of the reaction products is then studied in the course of this analysis. Investigation of the system "glucose + glucose oxidase in Na-phosphate buffer" was carried out which serves as a model for interactions among glucose biosensor components. As a result of glucose oxydation catalyzed by glucose oxydase, gluconic acid (the reaction product) is formed in solution. Gluconic acid is reliably detected via peaks its deprotonated molecule in the mass-spectrum of the negative secondary ions. The effect of certain parameters of the system "glucose + glucose oxidase in Na-phosphate buffer" on gluconic acid production was studied.

KEY WORDS: secondary ion mass-spectrometry, glycerol matrix, glucose oxidase, gluconic acid, glucose biosensor.